Wednesday, November 27, 2019

American health care Essays

American health care Essays American health care Essay American health care Essay Essay Topic: The Healers The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down Refugees from Laos began immigrating to the United States in the 1970’s. Since then, over 100,000 Hmong have settled in the United States. Many came because they felt they had no other option. They could not return to their homes in Laos because they faced persecution, and they had to leave the refugee camps in Thailand due to closure. Anne Fadiman’s book, The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down, explores a Hmong family, American health care, and the disastrous encounters between the two disparate cultures. Lia Lee, born in 1981, developed symptoms of epilepsy. However, by 1988, Lia was brain dead after years of misunderstanding, over-medication, and culture clash. Fadiman states that what the doctors saw as clinical professionalism, the Lees viewed as arrogance and cold indifference. Additionally, Fadiman shows readers how each party blamed the other for Lia’s illness, yet the assumptions and beliefs that each group brought to the doctor-patient interactions were never explored. American doctors saw Lia’s epilepsy as a neurological abnormality, but the Lees perceived Lia’s illness as a loss of her soul. They believed only appeasement of the lost soul and the restoration of spiritual order would cure their daughter. Although, Lia’s parents and her doctors both wanted what was best for Lia, lack of understanding led to tragedy. Anne Fadiman’s book, The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down, reveals how the inability to communicate and the ignorance of cultural differences pr! ohibited the Lees and the medical staff from forming the cohesion necessary to save Lia’s â€Å"soul.† The field of Western medicine has a very distinct culture. Medical students and nurses are socialized into this culture while they are in training. Their view of clinical reality assumes that biological concerns are more basic, real, and clinically significant than psychological or sociological issues. The biomedical viewpoint does not accept alternative forms of healing or other healers. Western medicine is considered superior to other medical systems in the world, and because of this fact, other beliefs about causation, diagnosis and treatment of disease are disregarded and/or denigrated. This ethnocentric view is rigid and highly judgmental especially when treating patients from other cultures. Therefore, in the clinical setting, the applications of this theory includes the belief that patients should be prompt, comply with the doctor’s plan of treatment, subordination of health care workers to the doctors, and vigilant observation of the doctor’s instructions. If p! atients fail to comply with these expectations, doctors may feel personally and medically threatened and lash out at patients or health care workers. An example of a doctor’s frustration in treating Lia is apparent in the following excerpt: â€Å"People in the early years of their medical careers have invested an  incredible amount of time and energy and pain the their training, and they  have been taught that what they’ve learned in medical school is the only  legitimate way to approach health problems. I think that is why some  young doctors go through the roof when Hmong patients reject what we  have to offer them, because it intimates that what Western medicine has to  offer is not much† (Fadiman, 76). American health care professionals focus on the disease rather than illness, and concentrate only on the individual and not on the individual as part of a much wider social environment. Medicine focuses on the germ theory of disease. Doctors reach their diagnosis by using blood tests, x-rays, and other procedures. However, most non-Western cultures do not depend on the germ model, but instead believe that illness is caused by spirit possession, soul loss or breach of taboo. Many Hmong immigrants seek the help of traditional healers before they turn to Western medicine. This is only natural since their healing traditions have served them well for thousands of years. They trust and have confidence in these rituals while they are suspicious of the medical procedures, diagnostic tools, and treatment plans of Western medicine. â€Å"Most Hmong believe that the body contains a finite amount of  blood that it is unable to replenish, so repeated blood sampling,  especially from small children, may be fatal. When people are  unconscious, their souls are at large, so anesthesia may lead to  illness or death. If the body is cut or disfigured, or if it loses any  of its parts, it will remain in a condition of perpetual imbalance,  and the damaged person not only will become frequently ill but may  be physically incomplete during the next incarnation, so surgery is  taboo. If people lose their vital organs after death, their souls cannot  be reborn into new bodies and may take revenge on living relatives;  so autopsies and embalming are also taboo† (Fadiman 33). American health care providers are unaware of the isolation and fear the Hmong feel when they are unable to communicate in their native language. The inability to discuss their beliefs about illness and expectations regarding treatment leads to frustration and poor adherence to treatment plans. Lia’s mother, Foua, explains her daughter’s illness and the desire for American doctors to understand their point of view: â€Å"Your soul is like your shadow†¦[s]ometimes it just wanders off like a  butterfly and that is when you are sad and that’s when you get sick, and  if it comes back to you, that is when you are happy and you are well again†¦Ã‚  but the doctors don’t believe it. I would like you to tell the doctors to believe  in our neeb [or healing spirit]†¦the doctors can fix some sicknesses that  involve the body and blood, but for us Hmong, some people get sick because  of their soul, so they need spiritual things†¦it was good to do a little medicine  and a little neeb, but not too much medicine because the medicine cuts the neeb’s  effect†¦but the doctors wouldn’t let us give just a little medicine because they  didn’t understand about the soul† (Fadiman, 100). The conflicting paradigms that each member of these relations brought to the interactions are at the core of these great misunderstandings. Each group holds their beliefs to be true. The Lees remained suspicious of American doctors and American doctors continued to consider the Hmong an ignorant and backward people. Along the way, there was a lack of trust and respect between the family and doctors, and both groups blamed each other for the tragic results- Lia’s severe mental and physical disabilities. In Stress Management for Wellness, Walt Schafer describes the components of coherence as a feeling of confidence that stimuli deriving from one’s environment is predictable, structured and explicable, resources are available to meet the demands posed by the stimuli, and the challenges are worthy of investment and engagement (239). In addition, Schafer states that groups with a strong sense of coherence â€Å"experience significantly less burnout than those with a weak sense of coherence† (240). The doctors never felt Lia’s treatment at home was predictable or structured, neither did they feel there were resources available to meet the demands of communicating with the Lees, and the challenges to understanding their culture were never explored. In reflection, a doctor describes the gap as a â€Å"layer of saran wrap or something between us†¦we were reaching and reaching†¦but we couldn’t touch them. So we couldn’t accomplish what we were trying to do, which was take care of Lia† (Fadi! man, 48). In comparison, the Lees’ experience with the hospital and doctors was unpredictable, and without familiar structure. The hospital norms prevented them from using their customary resources of ritual and healers necessary for coping and helping during the healing process, and they dreaded the use of prescribed treatments. Because the doctors and the Lees lacked the elements of cohesion, their relationship was strained, untrusting, and uncompromising. All the benefits that accompany cohesion and the distress-resistance it offers was out of reach to all the players involved in Lia’s care. In the end, everyone lost a little bit of his or her soul.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

stock market essays

stock market essays Prior to the stock market crash in 1929 and Black Thursday, a day which meant financial ruin for much of America, the U.S Economy was experiencing a great boom. The stock market, a growing trend in the life of Americans, allowed almost every man to experience the American dream. Investing was something that almost every person could do, the thought of putting in a few hundred dollars one day and waking up the next morning with twice as much money as you had put in amazed people. Once they started they couldnt get enough. At the beginning of the 1920s approximately 1.5 million citizens participated in the stock market but at the close of 1928 survey s said the about 17million had taken interest in the stock market. Because of their success and that of so many others, people could not possibly see how the stock market could fail, they watched its growth day by day and saw themselves grow more and more wealthy. This is not to say however that no one paid attention to the increasing amo unt of warning signs. Many noted that the pace at which prices were rising could be potentially dangerous, however when they tried to warn the public, people thought they were crazy for thinking this amazing time of wealth and prosperity could come to a devastating end. In the 1920s playing the stock market became a sort of national sport, people who had never invested in anything or prior to the 20s had never even heard of the stock market were buying and selling in hopes of getting rich quick. Brokerage firms became a common thing with advertisements and competition for lowest interest and down payments of as low as 10%. This further added to the madness of the times. What the average person didnt understand however, was that the stock prices did not reflect the real values of the shares or how much the companies were worth. Because of this, people spent their entire savings on stocks and when the bear market began...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Name of Newborn Child Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Name of Newborn Child - Essay Example In the last few months of pregnancy, parents should start searching online and in baby books for possible names of their child. Usually, at this point in time, the gender of the child is known, hence names can be shortlisted accordingly. Preselects and shortlist the names that both of you prefer. Do not be stubborn when selecting possible names for your child and do not choose names on the name of your great great great grandfather who supposedly did many amazing things when he was living. You must consider that your child will be stamped with this name for his/her entire life; hence the name should be contemporary and must not be embarrassing for the child. A name can have a lasting impact on a child’s personality; hence, it is important to choose a name with a good meaning. Ensure that the name does not have any exceptionally embarrassing meaning in a few well-known languages. Also, ensure that the name has a meaning or quality that you would like to see in your child. Ensure that the name you have chosen sounds good with the child’s family name. It is acceptable to match the child’s name with your own and that of the child’s other siblings like some parents like all of their children’s names to begin with the same letter. However, do not make that the only important factor. Diversity is good, and if siblings have names that rhyme or sound alike, that is not an issue. The important thing is to consider a name that your child will feel comfortable with and appreciate all their life. Last but not the least, consult all your relatives and the child’s grandparents for possible suggestions. Look around you at names of other people that seem attractive to you. However, do not forget to consider the other mentioned factors before making the final selection. Although the saying says, â€Å"What’s in a Name?† names do tend to matter and should be chosen carefully (Cartel, 2012).  Ã‚  

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Michael Jackson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Michael Jackson - Essay Example This is exemplified by his keeping of a pet zoo, which was not fully compliant with laws governing animal rights and civic safety. He was also accused and later exonerated of charges of child molestation and abuse. Despite the factuality of these claims, his image was irreparably tarnished by them. Thesis statement: the three main aspects of Michael Jackson’s popularity was his family background, life style and his death. This essay will flesh out this thesis. 2. His Family Background: Michael Jackson was born into a family of musicians. His parents and all his siblings were musicians. Even before he turned 10, he was a star member of the pop group Jackson Five – named after the five Jackson brothers who comprised it. But the flip side of this early fame is the lack of a proper childhood for Michael. He was forced to grow up too fast and as a result his psychological development remained uneven in later life. This explains his fondness for private zoos and strong identi fication with children. That he had retained certain childish qualities well into adulthood is borne by his legendary boyish voice. This most unique gift of Michael’s is smooth, silky and subtle. Right from a young age, his parents recognized the genius of Michael’s talents and made him the central feature of their troop performances. The only other sibling who could rival his great musical gifts is his younger sister Janet Jackson, who went on to have a successful career of her own paralleling that of Michael’s. (Feller 34) ... He was also an extraordinarily talented dancer. The dance sequences to his super-hit songs ‘Billy Jean’, ‘Beat It’, ‘Smooth Criminal’, ‘Black or White’, etc are etched in the memory of all those who were privileged to witness it. The innovative dance move of Moon Walk served as a metaphor for the out-of-the-world inspiration he brought to bear on his songs. 3. His Lifestyle: Michael Jackson’s lifestyle was both colorful and controversial. The kind of attire that Michael wore has become his trademark symbols. The white glove, the slippery hat and the studded leather jacket are all integral parts of his appearance. His dressing sense was as much a source of his appeal as his musical and dancing talent. Just with a twitch of his hand or a tap of his hat, Michael Jackson could bring to his feet. The fast rhythmic R&B and pop numbers of his were particularly popular. They were remarkable in terms of the sheer energy they possessed . Michael’s high pitched voice was suited to this genre, as the pitch carried the energy to the audience. A good indicator of his widespread popularity is the number of impersonators he has had. During the 1980s, doing a moonwalk was a rite of passage for the youth of that generation. That was how they identified themselves as capable and special adults. It was part of their process of identification with a role model and individuation from parental control. (Cole 16) It is fair to say that Michael Jackson was the greatest entertainer of his era. Though there were competitors like George Michael, Madonna, Prince, Tina Turner, etc, Jackson had the greatest fan following due to his global appeal. In other words, while many of his contemporary singers had great fan following within the United States,

Sunday, November 17, 2019

The Peloponnesian War Essay Example for Free

The Peloponnesian War Essay The Greek empire did not comprise of any center for power ruling over the states, instead it consisted of numerous city-states each having independence and being governed in a manner separate from the rest. Where Athens had a democratic style of government, with everyone from the populace having the right to participate in the government (except for women and slaves), Sparta had a totalitarian form of governance. The populace was divided into 3 distinct classes which included Spartan men (who were all raised to be warriors), Spartan women (who were patriotic, proud, and exhibited more independence then women from other states) and finally Helots, or slaves (Adams). Aside from the political difference between the states, even their culture was vastly different. The lifestyles of Athenian citizens encouraged them to seek artistic and intellectual pursuits whereas Spartan men were trained to be soldiers from birth and led a life by the sword. Athens was the most powerful state amongst the other states in the Greek Empire. After the expulsion of the Persian from the continent by the Greek allies led by Athens, the state became the central power by increasing their forces and converting the ally states into tribute paying states with the money earned going into improving Athens infrastructure and help strengthen its naval fleet. It did not make matters any better when in a Helot uprising in Sparta, when Sparta called for aid from all the other Greek allies, it dismissed the contingent from Athens as they feared the troops would change sides and support the Helots instead, since Athens was a democratic state and Sparta was not. . The Peloponnesian War, which lasted from 431 – 404 BC provided the states a chance to enter into direct confrontation with each other to resolve their issues once and for all. In my opinion, the Peloponnesian War was an outlet for the states to finally destroy the others as each saw the others existence as an affront. The superiority of Athens and their cultural background clashed with the ferocity and dominant attitude of the Spartans and eventually an altercation would have taken place. This paper will identify the strengths of the two city-states, determine which factors gave them an edge over the other and will analyze whether the states where able to maximize the potential of those benefits. Military Background Athens Athens was the most prosperous state on the continent. It had wealth and a large population, being the centre for business and politics. After the Persian invasion, Athens took on the leading role and used its position to build its own state far surpassing the others. When the Persians had been defeated, the allies of Athens were reduced to subservient tribute paying states that were supposed to aid Athens prosper even more. The policies adopted by Athens towards the other states exhibit the superior attitude with which Athens looked upon the other states. Athens had a defensive wall built around its city which made land attacks impractical and futile. Since the Persians had left and Athens had begun work to strengthen the walls, Sparta had seriously been against the measure as they recognize the tactical benefit Athens would obtain as Sparta would have difficulty in defeating Athens with the presence of the wall. Athens also had a strong naval fleet. Its fleets were much superior to the other states’ and it was able to maximize upon its advantage by using said fleets to ravage the Peloponnesus (Hooker, 1999). Sparta Sparta, as mentioned earlier, was a state which trained every one of its inhabitants to become warriors. From birth onwards, Spartan men lived a life of training and fighting to become the ultimate soldiers. Therefore the Spartan army relied on its brute strength and its training superiority. The Spartan infantry was more numerous than the Athenian and in size; the Spartan army far surpassed the other states’. Throughout the course of the Peloponnese War, Sparta used its numbers to ravage the territory around Athens (Attica in general). Historical Events Exhibiting Military Strategies The first war between Sparta and Athens was the Archidamian War, named after the Spartan king, was initiated by the Spartans. The Spartan troops invaded the lands surrounding Athens and were meant to deprive the city-state of its food source and access to its productive land. The strategy employed by the Spartans was a strategy any land based army would adopt. To cut off supplies and eventually force the opponent to surrender is probably the most successful way to gain victory without shedding much blood on the attacker’s side. Spartan troops however were unable to succeed by this strategy as Athens was able to acquire food and material via its ports which it still had access to. The Spartan army itself was unable to stay over long periods of time due to the harvesting of their own crops and the inability to leave the helots unsupervised in the home state. The success of sieges work only if they are meant to last over longer durations, but the Spartans were able to stay at most for 40 days. From the start of the War we can see that the strengths of both the armies were conflicting with each other and an outright battle to rule was out of the question as both sides wished to play by their strengths. Athens adopted the strategy to avoid any land battles with its far more superior opponent due to its numbers and experience in land battles. But in 430 BC an outbreak of plague hit the city and roughly one third of the Athens population died. But the plague had the effect that the Spartan armies did not want to catch the sickness and decided to put the ravaging expeditions on a hold as it would bring them in proximity to the Athenians (B. Strassler, 1996). After recovering from the plague, Athens launched an offensive by sending out its naval troops to ravage the port cities of the Peloponnesus. Athens began stretching its military activities to further reaches and began setting up posts in the Peloponnesus bringing the war closer to the Spartans. Instead of engaging in direct confrontations, the Athenian forces began drawing the Spartan helots to them which crippled Sparta as most of the domestic work was tended to by these slaves. Sparta led an expedition to the Athenian colony of Amphipolis, which was controlled nearby silver mines which basically funded the Athenian troops. A war was fought in Brasidas which eventually led to the two states signing a truce which lasted 6 years (ThinkQuest). The truce was an excuse for both sides to build up their strengths as both had faced economic losses. During the era of peace, the Athenians were able to gather support from the states of Argos, Mantinea and Arcadia. The allied coalition appeared to get early victories but was eventually crushed by the Spartan forces. It can clearly be seen that Sparta had the major advantage in land battles and that Athens was initially wise in avoiding direct clashes as in the battle of Mantinea, which was the largest land battle fought in the Peloponnesian War, Sparta was able to crush its opponents brutally. The deciding battle in the war could probably be the Sicilian expedition. Syracuse (which shared the same race as the Spartans) were attacking Sicily (which shared the race with Athenians). Since Sicily was the second largest state and would have provided much needed resource to Athens, Athens decided to help them. Troops sent for aiding Sicily proved incapable of defeating the Syracusan forces. While the Athenian forces waited to gather more allies in the surrounding vicinity, Syracuse was able to get the support from Sparta which tipped the scale in Sparta’s favor. Around this time Athens was facing harsh times as Spartan forces had made access to their lands difficult and food and other necessities had to be shipped in which cost a lot to the Athens government. The main source of funding for the Athenian forces was the silver mines which had now been taken over by the Spartans. To accommodate for the decrease in capital, Athens began demanding more tribute from its allies. This created friction amongst the coalition and would eventually lead to dissatisfaction in the allies. (Hanson, 2005) Realizing the tactical advantage Athens possessed due to its navy, Sparta contacted the Persians and took their aid in building its own navy. The navy would prove to be the decisive factor as in 405 the critical blow hit Athens when the Spartan commander Lysander took his navy northward to Hellespont and destroyed the Athenian forces existing there. This blow seemed too big to bear and Athens eventually conceded defeat and had to succumb to the humiliating terms laid down by the Spartans (Thucydides Lattimore, 1998). Personal Observations Pertaining to the Peloponnesian War The war was not won due to the number of forces or the number of allies that any side had but it relied on the ability of the army to change to meet the situation. Both sides possessed benefits in separate areas, with Spartans having superiority on land and Athens having the superiority on the seas. But Sparta was constantly reevaluating its approaches and battle plans and would accommodate for the situation at hand. Rather than relying strictly on sieges and confronting on the mainland, Sparta developed its own naval strength and reduced the competitive advantage that the Athens forces had over it. Even though from the beginning Sparta would have been deemed as the military superior, Athens had a number of opportunities to tip the war in their favor. Such as during the Sicilian expedition, it was mismanagement and lethargy which cost the Athens forces defeat. Conclusion The strengths of the two states were clearly exhibited in this research paper but no amount of strength is affective if it does not keep training and does not keep advancing. The Athens forces made this mistake by simply relying on one’s strength and believing it would win them the war where in truth Sparta proved to be the wiser of the two and used the opponent’s strength, incorporated into its own arsenal and eventually won the war. The Spartans were able to not only maximize on their own strength during the war (land based warfare) but created advancements in their weakness as well and had they not done so, the war would have lasted for numerous more years due to an intermittent deadlock as both sides initially had opposing tactical advantages. References Adams, P. (n. d. ). Comparing Athens and Sparta. Retrieved February 22, 2009, from Discovery Education: http://school. discoveryeducation. com/lessonplans/programs/spartans/ B. Strassler, R. (1996). In R. B. Strassler, The Landmark Thucydides: A Comprehensive Guide to the Peloponnesian War. New York: The Free Press. Hanson, V. D. (2005). In V. D. Hanson, A War Like No Other: How the Athenians and Spartans Fought the Peloponnesian War. New York: Random House. Hooker, R. (1999, June 6). Ancient Greece. Retrieved February 22, 2009, from Ancient Greece: The Peloponnesian War: http://wsu. edu/~dee/GREECE/PELOWARS. HTM ThinkQuest. (n. d. ). Peleponnesian War. Retrieved February 22, 2009, from ThinkQuest. com: http://library. thinkquest. org/17709/wars/peloponn. htm Thucydides, Lattimore, S. (1998). In S. Lattimore, The Peloponnesian War. Hackett Publishing.

Friday, November 15, 2019

Codes :: essays research papers

CALIFORNIA CODES HEALTH AND SAFETY CODE 13113.8. (a) On and after January 1, 1986, every single-family dwelling and factory-built housing, as defined in Section 19971, which is sold shall have an operable smoke detector. The detector shall be approved and listed by the State Fire Marshal and installed in accordance with the State Fire Marshal's regulations. Unless prohibited by local rules, regulations, or ordinances, a battery-operated smoke detector shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements of this section. (b) On and after January 1, 1986, the transferor of any real property containing a single-family dwelling, as described in subdivision (a), whether the transfer is made by sale, exchange, or real property sales contract, as defined in Section 2985 of the Civil Code, shall deliver to the transferee a written statement indicating that the transferor is in compliance with this section. The disclosure statement shall be either included in the receipt for deposit in a real estate transaction, an addendum attached thereto , or a separate document. (c) The transferor shall deliver the statement referred to in subdivision (b) as soon as practicable before the transfer of title in the case of a sale or exchange, or prior to execution of the contract where the transfer is by a real property sales contract, as defined in Section 2985. For purposes of this subdivision, "delivery" means delivery in person or by mail to the transferee or transferor, or to any person authorized to act for him or her in the transaction, or to additional transferees who have requested delivery from the transferor in writing. Delivery to the spouse of a transferee or transferor shall be deemed delivery to a transferee or transferor, unless the contract states otherwise. (d) This section does not apply to any of the following: (1) Transfers which are required to be preceded by the furnishing to a prospective transferee of a copy of a public report pursuant to Section 11018.1 of the Business and Professions Code. (2) Tra nsfers pursuant to court order, including, but not limited to, transfers ordered by a probate court in the administration of an estate, transfers pursuant to a writ of execution, transfers by a trustee in bankruptcy, transfers by eminent domain, or transfers resulting from a decree for specific performance. (3) Transfers to a mortgagee by a mortgagor in default, transfers to a beneficiary of a deed of trust by a

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Business Edge Email

To: David Johnson Subject: Information on Business Edge Dear Mr David Johnson Firstly I would like to thank you for your response to my email based on my application for the sales and marketing position you are currently have available. I am pleased to know you would like further knowledge of my completion of the Business Edge Program undertaken through my Bachelor of Business at Edith Cowan University. The program helped me develop a range of skills related to the sales and marketing role in which I have applied for. The following email will represent the key aspects that Business Edge specified within my time in the program. I will analyze the different components of Business Edge and the skills I have gained during the program. Additionally I will explain how these concepts will be beneficial to your company. As a result this email will give you background knowledge on my intake and understanding of the Program. The Business Edge program is designed to help students understand the growing impact of international competition in businesses and employment and how to successfully operate in the global marketplace. The program introduces students to the concept of business and to various interpersonal, group work and organizational skills essential for university and employment success. The Program is also geared to helping students to realize and improve their abilities in individual learning styles, group work, cross-cultural communication, business communication, critical thinking and ethical behavior. In addition, the Business Edge program introduces students to the concept of self-reflection, self-discovery, self- criticism, peer assessment and information and time management. Having completed this program I can tell you that it is an extremely unique course as it focuses on student centered learning. This means that there are plenty of role-plays, scenarios, interactive multi-media and activities where students develop their employability skills by ‘doing’. As the student you must use your previous knowledge and experience, apply these to real situations and learn from those around you so that your employability skills can be developed and refined along the entire length of the program. A key attribute I have developed through the Business Edge program is the â€Å"ability to communicate†. This gives me excellent employability skills such as forming effective relationships with customers and employees. This is a perfect attribute for the sales and marketing role. As someone interested in sales and marketing I think it is essential that you communicate effectively and form networks with customers and fellow clients. I think the ability to interact with others openly and objectively is vital criteria for the position and Business Edge has certainly given me a great advantage in this area. The main emphasis that the Business Edge program projected was on clear communication and presentations. Personally I feel to be a competent communicator you must first be able to listen and understand others, in particular with sales because face to face communication is frequent and also phone conversation. I think my ability to understand clear communication and my advanced understanding of open questions will benefit your company greatly. I know when working in sales and marketing you have to allow communication to flow and invite open discussion. You must have a clear tone as well as a good posture if talking to an audience, when talking on a phone your manner must be polite while still being clear and able to adapt. I believe that a good communicator is someone who can change the way they communicate to suit the person they are speaking to. You should express yourself in a way that makes sense to that person. I think the Business Edge program has helped me achieve this and it will be a great asset in the sales and marketing role. Another attribute that I developed through the Business Edge program is the â€Å"ability to work in teams†. The Business Edge program as stated earlier is student centered and the learning process is by â€Å"doing†. Most of this is done through group work, participating in various activities and presentations. Through these activities I could improve my self-confidence to a higher level. I got an idea about how to work in groups with mutual understanding and to respect others ideas as well. With the knowledge I gained from this unit, I’m now able to get others give their ears to me and express my ideas in an effective manner in front of an audience.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Bullet in the Brain” by Tobias Woolf Essay

In â€Å"Bullet in the Brain† (1995), Tobias Woolf conveys the story of a man named Anders, a book critic, who experiences one final memory after being shot in the head by bank robbers. The story begins with Anders entering a Bank in the closing hours and criticising the long lines and bad service. Then, two bank robbers hold up the bank and end up shooting Anders in the head for his arrogant behavior. Woolf then goes on to explain his last memory as he is dying from his wounds. The bank robbers dialogue is important. The different ways that Wolff depicts the Robber’s dialogue greatly influences the tone of the story. Wolff’s way of using peculiar responses from the bank robbers is almost like a death trap for the critical Anders. He dares to taunt the robbers and makes ironic remarks on their usage of words. â€Å"Hey! Bright boy! Did I tell you to talk.. Did you hear that. Bright boy. Right out of the killers†(Anders202). Anders finds their words distinc tive enough that he needs to make a comment about it. By ignoring what the robbers do and say he makes the situation worse as the robbers start to lose their head because of him. A nervous robber is much more dangerous than a calmed one and Anders would consider this but he does not. He doesn’t realize that he just put the  people in danger as well as himself, even when he was asked to be quiet by a woman next to him. The woman is aware of the seriousness of the situation unlike Anders and tries to save her and maybe the others’ life as well. A person who does not take care of a dangerous situation is foolish but in this case Anders does not take care of the others’ safety as well and considers the criticism more important than the people’s life around him. Wolff also brings out a humorous tone with the robbers dialogue. He uses explicit words that give readers a more vivid image of the robber’s personalities. The words let readers get a sense of the persona they have. In one scene the Wolff writes, â€Å" You like me, bright boy?..You want to suck my dick†(202). Obviously, this shows the robber has a childish type of humor. One can also say this type of humor is more consistent with someone young rather than an older person. Instead of Wolff explaining the characteristics of the robbers, he lets the readers figure it out  themselves. Wolff gives little detail about the characteristics of the robber. The ammoniac smell coming out of his mouth gives a sense that he is under the influence of some type of drug. His twitching eye rather reveals that he is just extremely nervous or he is just high on drugs. Lastly, The way the robbers address the people inside the bank is important to the topic. It brings out the aggressive tone. It was a good way to act like professional robbers and make people think if they try to be a hero in this situation they will be  shot. â€Å"One of you tellers hit the alarm, you’re all dead meat. Got it?† (201). The robbers uses really demanding words to terrorize the people. They are also able to take down the security and put him on his knees. This strategy not only takes down the banks best line of defense, but it also lets the customers and workers acknowledge that they mean business and will hurt somebody that gets in their way. Nobody thinks they are a hero and can break up three or more people especially if they are holding guns in their hands so this tactic works very well except that Anders is there. Anders is there and makes them really adrenalized as he also makes the situation more dangerous. Anders’ behaviour is clearly blameable for the actions taken by the robbers. The aggressive tone did not even pass through Anders’ mind and he did not hesitate to make a remark. His own happiness and joy in finding imperfectness in everything led to his downfall. It would be very reasonable to say the Anders triggered his own downfall but the robbers style of communicating also ignited the situation. Anders criticizes everything and the style of talking that the robbers conversate with was clearly distinctive enough for Anders to have a comment about it. Their dialogue provoked Anders. Who knows if there would have been a different approach of conversating from the robbers, then the story could have had a different ending.There will be no happy end for this story and Anders behaviour adds oil to the fire and make him responsible for his own death.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Dont Hate Me Because Im Beautiful

Dont Hate Me Because Im Beautiful Don’t Hate Me Because I’m Beautiful Don’t Hate Me Because I’m Beautiful By Mary When it comes to writing, looks matter just as much as substance. Don’t get me wrong, there is no substitute for high quality writing. But great writing poorly presented will be just as ineffective as bad writing. Several years ago when I was working in an advertising agency, I received a resume from someone who was applying for a copywriting job. The resume had chocolate (I hope!) smudges all over it. That sent a very clear message to me about how meticulous this person would be when it came to being careful about the appearance of work that went out of his office. Needless to say, I moved on to the next applicant. Recently I was working with a young lady who was looking for an entry-level clerical job. She told me that she recently completed a resume writing class and proudly showed me a very nicely written and formatted resume printed on paper that was completely covered with yellow daisies. This paper might have been perfect for an invitation to a garden party, but for a resume it was completely inappropriate. The scary thing is that her resume was approved by the person who taught the class. We do judge books by their cover. We do it every day, and we do it without being aware that we are doing it. We also judge letters, resumes, and memos by the way they are formatted and presented. What message is the appearance of your writing sending about you? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Types of Narrative Conflict40 Fish IdiomsCapitalizing Titles of People and Groups

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Flotation Method in Archaeology

Flotation Method in Archaeology Archaeological flotation is a laboratory technique used to recover tiny artifacts and plant remains from soil samples. Invented in the early 20th century, flotation is today still one of the most common ways to retrieve carbonized plant remains from archaeological contexts. In flotation, the technician places dried soil on a screen of mesh wire cloth, and water is gently bubbled up through the soil. Less dense materials such as seeds, charcoal, and other light material (called the light fraction) float up, and tiny pieces of stone called microliths or micro-debitage, bone fragments, and other relatively heavy materials (called the heavy fraction) are left behind on the mesh. History of the Method The earliest published use of water separation dates to 1905, when German Egyptologist Ludwig Wittmack used it to recover plant remains from ancient adobe brick. The widespread use of flotation in archaeology was the result of a 1968 publication by archaeologist Stuart Struever who used the technique on the recommendations of botanist Hugh Cutler. The first pump-generated machine was developed in 1969 by David French for use at two Anatolian sites. The method was first applied in southwest Asia at Ali Kosh in 1969 by Hans Helbaek; machine-assisted flotation was first conducted at Franchthi cave in Greece, in the early 1970s. The Flote-Tech, the first standalone machine to support flotation, was invented by R.J. Dausman in the late 1980s. Microflotation, which uses glass beakers and magnetic stirrers for gentler processing, was developed in the 1960s for use by various chemists but not extensively used by archaeologists until the 21st century. Benefits and Costs The reason for the initial development of archaeological flotation was efficiency: the method allows for the rapid processing of many soil samples and the recovery of small objects which otherwise might only be collected by laborious hand-picking. Further, the standard process uses only inexpensive and readily available materials: a container, small-sized meshes (250 microns is typical), and water. However, plant remains are typically quite fragile, and, beginning as early as the 1990s, archaeologists became increasingly aware that some plant remains split open during water flotation. Some particles can completely disintegrate during water recovery, particularly from soils recovered in arid or semi-arid locations. Overcoming the Shortcomings The loss of plant remains during flotation is often linked to extremely dry soil samples, which can result from the region in which they are collected. The effect has also been associated with concentrations of salt, gypsum, or calcium coating of the remains. In addition, the natural oxidation process that occurs within archaeological sites converts charred materials which are originally hydrophobic to hydrophilic- and thus easier to disintegrate when exposed to water. Wood charcoal is one of the most common macro-remains found in archaeological sites. The lack of visible wood charcoal in a site is generally considered the result of the lack of preservation of the charcoal rather than the lack of a fire. The fragility of wood remains is associated with the state of the wood on burning: healthy, decayed, and green wood charcoals decay at different rates. Further, they have different social meanings: burned wood might have been building material, fuel for fire, or the result of brush clearing. Wood charcoal is also the main source for radiocarbon dating. The recovery of burned wood particles is thus an important source of information about the occupants of an archaeological site and the events that happened there. Studying Wood and Fuel Remains Decayed wood is particularly underrepresented at archaeological sites, and as today, such wood was often preferred for hearth fires in the past. In these cases, standard water flotation exacerbates the problem: charcoal from decayed wood is extremely fragile. Archaeologist Amaia Arrang-Oaegui found that certain woods from the site of Tell Qarassa North in southern Syria were more susceptible to being disintegrated during water processing- particularly Salix. Salix (willow or osier) is an important proxy for climate studies- its presence within a soil sample can indicate riverine microenvironments- and its loss from the record is a painful one. Arrang-Oaegui suggests a method for recovering wood samples that begins with hand-picking a sample before its placement in water to see if wood or other materials disintegrate. She also suggests that using other proxies such as pollen or phytoliths as indicators for the presence of plants, or ubiquity measures rather than raw counts as statistical indicators. Archaeologist Frederik Braadbaart has advocated the avoidance of sieving and flotation where possible when studying ancient fuel remains such as hearths and peat fires. He recommends instead a protocol of geochemistry based on elemental analysis and reflective microscopy. Microflotation The microflotation process is more time consuming and costly than traditional flotation, but it does recover more delicate plant remains, and is less costly than geochemical methods. Microflotation was used successfully to study soil samples from coal-contaminated deposits at Chaco Canyon. Archaeologist K.B. Tankersley and colleagues used a small (23.1 millimeters) magnetic stirrer, beakers, tweezers, and a scalpel to examine samples from 3-centimeter soil cores. The stirrer bar was placed at the bottom of a glass beaker and then rotated at 45-60 rpm to break the surface tension. The buoyant carbonized plant parts rise and the coal drops out, leaving wood charcoal suitable for AMS radiocarbon dating. Sources: Arranz-Otaegui A. 2016. Evaluating the impact of water flotation and the state of the wood in archaeological wood charcoal remains: Implications for the reconstruction of past vegetation and identification of firewood gathering strategies at Tell Qarassa North (south Syria). Quaternary International In pressBraadbaart F, van Brussel T, van Os B, and Eijskoot Y. 2017. Fuel remains in archaeological contexts: Experimental and archaeological evidence for recognizing remains in hearths used by Iron Age farmers who lived in peatlands. The Holocene:095968361770223.Hunter AA, and Gassner BR. 1998. Evaluation of the Flote-Tech machine-assisted flotation system. American Antiquity 63(1):143-156.Marekovic S, and Ã…  oÃ… ¡taric R. 2016. A comparison of the influences of flotation and wet sieving on certain carbonized legume and cereal remains. Acta Botanica Croatica 75(1):144-148.Rossen J. 1999. The Flote-Tech flotation machine: Messiah or mixed blessing? American Antiquity 64(2):370-372.Tanker sley KB, Owen LA, Dunning NP, Fladd SG, Bishop KJ, Lentz DL, and Slotten V. 2017. Micro-flotation removal of coal contaminants from archaeological radiocarbon samples from Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, USA. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 12(Supplement C):66-73.

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Innovative lifestyle self-management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Innovative lifestyle self-management - Essay Example is considered unique, one’s lifestyle could be considered innovative insofar as it is unusual in comparison to one’s peers or colleagues in the social circle. In this regard, I can honestly say that I practice a straightforward lifestyle focused on achieving my personal goals. Currently, my ultimate goal is to finish my studies and to prepare myself for a future career. It is only innovative in terms of the application of my study habits while trying to comply with responsibilities as a child, a friend, a colleague, a citizen, and a productive member of society. I have a talent for prioritizing activities that need to be accomplished. College education is basically voluntary and more expensive where students learn how to manage their own time. Students are expected to take accountability and responsibility for their academic performance through prioritizing compliance to requirements. More importantly, I am never apprehensive to seek much needed support (physical, emotional, and mental) as required in diverse scenarios. Timidity, pride, financial considerations, cultural diversity barriers, among others usually get in the way of availing academic support. I acknowledge that there are more benefits that would be derived from seeking ways and means to ensue that I stay in school until graduation than to allow barriers and hindrances to get in the way. Most often, I seek the right advice, at the right time, at the right place. Self-management, on the other hand, is defined as the ability to â€Å"manage one’s own emotions and be resilient in a range of complex and demanding situations.† (NHS, 1) Self-management is classified as strategic when it is planned and calculated to achieve a well-defined purpose. Self-management is only feasible and effective when one is in control of personal emotions and behavior given a variety of circumstances. In this case, the strategic self-management is directed to get a targeted job. The only complicating matter is that the

Friday, November 1, 2019

Business taxation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business taxation - Essay Example Understanding Revenue and Capital Expenditures Revenue expenditures such as rent of premises for conducting business, employee wages, raw materials and many such items are ongoing expenditures that are necessary to generate business profits. Revenue expenditure is also known as circulating capital that means capital changes hands to produce profit and loss. On the other hand, capital expenditures such as purchasing land or building, plant and machinery or goodwill form a long-term expenditure that accrue benefits until its useful life. The Statute ICTA88/S74 (1) (a) provides that only those expenditures are allowed for deductions that are "incurred wholly and exclusively for the purpose of trade" (BIM37035). However, capital expenditures are not allowed for deductions fully, and its treatment is governed by different statutes, as incorporated by the governing office from time to time. Capital Expenditures – Differential Treatment in GAAP and Income Tax It is important to note that accountancy and income tax laws are not fully in alignment as far as treatment of capital expenditure is concerned. ... All revenue expenditures are allowed for deduction to profit and loss statement. All capital expenditures are not allowed for deductions unless allowed by statute. For example, ITTOIA/S58 and S59 are the statues that allow deductions for the incidental costs incurred while raising a loan for business purposes (BIM45800, 2012). The statutes deal with the costs incurred while raising loans or issuing loan stock. These statutes do not provide relief for the costs incurred while raising finance through other methods such as bills of exchange, leasing assets, hire purchase, buying assets on credit or any form of equity financing. The incidental costs to obtain finance have been defined in ITTOIA/S58 (2). The allowable costs include commissions, fees, advertising, printing and related matters. It is required that the costs must be incurred, wholly and exclusively, for the purpose of acquiring or repaying the finance including its security. Some of the costs that are included under this sta tute can be described as per the following (BIM45815). a. Introduction fees, underwriting commissions, brokerage. b. Professional and legal expenses for negotiating the loan and getting the document ready. c. Valuer's fees, land registry fees incurred towards the security of the loan. d. Commitment fees. e. The costs of issuing a prospectus, postage, and the costs of advertising etc (BIM45815). Statute ITTOIA/S59 (1) provides that expenditure incurred while obtaining loan is not allowed for any deduction if it has provisions of conversion into shares or if any other securities or conversion takes place before three years from the date of loan obtaining (BIM45810). There are several deductions